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Terms
30F35

P4226

P4082W

Mombasa

Productivity:Mombasa guinea grass is a tall grass, similar to hybrid Napier grass in habit, but far more leafy and is very suitable for cut-and-carry. It is a very productive leafy grass, producing between 20 and 40 t/ha dry matter per year.
Crude protein levels: 8-12% crude protein in Thailand on poor soils and 12-14 % crude protein on better soils.
Animal production: In Belize, Data shows that Cattle and Animals that consume this product are healthier and the meat has more protein than that to other cattle.
Grazing management: Can be either rotationally grazed or set stocked. Management depends on the farmer’s experience. Most farmers in South America prefer cut-and-carry. Therefore cut every 40-45 days in the wet season and 60-70 days in the cool season.
Background: It was introduced into Brazil from Tanzania in 1993, from near Korogwe, Tanzania (5.20°S 38.50°E, 290 m asl, rainfall 1,050 mm). Large tussocks to 2 m, stems tinged with purple. Leaves are long, to 3 cm wide, with short hairs on the upper surface; leaf sheaths are glabrous. Good drought and cold tolerance. Dry matter yield 28% more than that of Guinea TD58 (purp
Brizantha

Humidicola

Brachiaria humidicola (Rendle) Schweick
Morphological description:
A strongly stoloniferous and rhizomatous perennial grass, forming a dense ground cover. Vegetative culms prostrate or arched in the lower part where they root from the lower nodes. Flowering culms erect, 20–60 cm high. Leaf blades lanceolate, flat, bright green, rigidly pointed, 5–16 mm wide, up to 25 cm long, but usually 12 cm or less, glabrous or sparsely hairy with thickened margins. Ligule a fringe of short hairs. Sheath bluntly keeled, the lower spreading away from the culm. Inflorescence 7–12 cm long; supporting 2–5 spike-like, hairy racemes widely spaced on a central axis. Racemes 2.5–5.5 cm long, light green tinged with purple. Rachis narrow, angled, hairy, wavy. Spikelets 4.5–5.5 mm long, hairy, green, tinged with purple, 2 flowered; arranged in two rows along each side of a narrow, angled axis. Glumes unequal, lower and slightly shorter than the rest of the spikelet, glabrous, strongly flushed with purple and with a few faint cross veins on upper part. Upper glume as long as the spikelet, hairy and green with well defined cross veins all along. Both glumes are many-nerved. Lower floret male with a lemma like the upper glume, but less hairy and with few nerves. Upper floret bisexual , glossy, light green or white. Cv. Tully has longer leaf blades than most members of the species, up to 25 cm long. Seed is similar to that of B. decumbens cv. Basilisk, but readily distinguishable by the much longer lower glume and lower density of hairs. Spikelets are marginally longer and wider in cv. Tully and the caryopsis itself shorter, broader and much shallower. Approximately 200,000 seeds/kg.
Uses/applications:
Sown for permanent pasture for grazing and as ground cover for control of erosion and weeds. In East Venezuela, also used for hay . Good nematode control.
Pests and diseases:
Tolerant of, but not truly resistant to spittlebugs (Aeneolamia spp., Deois spp. and Zulia spp.); more tolerant than B. decumbens and recovers quickly making it useful in parts of South America, but can be badly attacked in the humid tropics of Brazil. In Brazil, accession IRI 409 favours spittlebug multiplication. Highly resistant to leaf-cutting ants (Acromyrmex spp. and Atta spp.), but can be severely attacked by striped grass worm (Mocis latipes).
Feeding value:
Nutritive value Top
Although the leaf appears hard and fibrous, nutritional value is good (5–17% CP) considering the low fertility of the soils in which it is often grown. In the Colombian savannah, 6-week old foliage in a 54-accession collection had 5.2–8.5% CP content in the rainy and 3.3–9.3% in the dry season; IVDMD was 59–66% and 51–67%, respectively. Lower quality than other Brachiaria species such as B. decumbens , B. brizantha or B. ruziziensis . Digestibility (48–75%) declines quickly if not grazed. Palatability/acceptability
Only moderately palatable in comparison to many softer grasses, but readily eaten by cattle when kept short and leafy. Palatability of koronivia grass growing on acid-infertile soils can be low as the leaf blade becomes fibrous and strongly pigmented with anthocyanin. In Malaysia, sheep grazing koronivia grass growing on acid-infertile soils received facial lacerations from the sharp leaf tips of the fibrous leaf blades. This resulted in patch grazing and the requirement for regular slashing. There are reports that it is actively selected for by horses, however, note potential toxicity below.
Toxicity Photosensitization has been recorded in horses grazing B. humidicola pasture for over 5 months, but is not common. Its low Ca concentration and high levels of oxalate may induce ‘big head’ disease (parathyroidism) in horses. Can be overcome by feeding of appropriate mineral supplements.
Decumbens

Brachiaria decumbens Stapf.
Uses/applications Mainly planted for permanent pastures, but also grown as fresh feed and for conservation under cut-and-carry systems by small- holders. It has been planted as grazed ground cover in plantations and gives good cover for erosion control on hillsides. Used in upland rice (Oryza sativa) systems in the Colombian savannas. Can provide dense pasture cover for the control of Chromolaena odorata in China.
Establishment: Large areas are easily planted with the large, free-flowing seed. Seed is frequently dormant for 6 months after harvest and should be stored or scarified before planting. Seed is broadcast at a rate of 2–4 kg/ha, then lightly harrowed and rolled. Commonly planted with a range of forage legumes. Nutritive value Top Moderately high (similar to other tropical grasses) but greatly dependant on the fertility status of the soil. Intermediate to high digestibility (50–80%), chemical composition and intake. CP ranges from 9–20% depending on soil fertility and management, but can decline rapidly with age of leaf, from 10% at 30 days to 5% at 90 days. The inclusion of the legume D. heterocarpon subsp. ovalifolium increased the nitrogen concentration of the grass and the total N yield equivalent to 200 kg/ha N but the legume’s low palatability meant that little legume was eaten. Palatability/acceptability Moderately good but greatly depending on the fertility status of the soil. Rejected by equines. Livestock reject frosted grass .
Toxicity Young cattle, sheep and goats can develop hepatogenous photosensitization although prevalence appears to be strongly related to environment. For example, it is of major concern in Brazil and Papua New Guinea but is unheard of in Vanuatu and rare in Australia. Transferring stock to pasture of different species can alleviate symptoms. Photosensitization in bovines can be avoided by a rotation of 2 weeks on and 2 weeks off the grass . Sporadic outbreaks have been related to mycotoxins from the saprophytic fungus Pithomyces chartarum, but also to saponins.
Aries
Aries is an Apomictic hybrid between two accesses. It is a perennial forage grass with tussocks, great tillering capacity, narrow hairless leaves and light green colour. The main Characteristic of this cultivar remains on its regrowth capacity after grazing. It is very Well accepted by Beef cattle, horses, sheeps and goats.Chlorofluba

Glyphosate

Lubaquat 20 SL

Accent

Nikosam

Newfol
